Question 1

A laboratory technique specific for diagnosing Lyme disease is:

Accepted Answer

(A) Polymerase chain reaction is the laboratory technique specific for Lyme disease. (B) Heterophil antibody test is used to diagnose mononucleosis. (C) Lyme
disease does not decrease the serum calcium level. (D) Lyme disease does not increase the serum potassium level.

Question 2

Provide the 1-minute Apgar score for an infant born with the following findings: Heart rate: Above 100 Respiratory effort: Slow, irregular Muscle tone: Some flexion
of extremities Reflex irritability: Vigorous cry Color: Body pink, blue extremities

Accepted Answer

(A) Seven out of a possible perfect score of 10 is correct. Two points are given for heart rate above 100; 1 point is given for slow, irregular respiratory effort; 1 point
is given for some flex- ion of extremities in assessing muscle tone; 2 points are given for vigorous cry in assessing reflex irritability; 1 point is assessed for color
when the body is pink with blue extremities (acrocyanosis). (B) For a perfect Apgar score of 10, the infant would have a heart rate over 100 but would also have a
good cry, active motion, and be completely pink.
(C) For an Apgar score of 8 the respiratory rate, muscle tone, or color would need to fall into the 2-point rather than the 1-point category. (D) For this infant to
receive an Apgar score of 9, four of the areas evaluated would need ratings of 2 points and one area, a rating of 1 point.

Question 3

A diagnosis of hepatitis C is confirmed by a male client??s physician. The nurse should be knowledgeable of the differences between hepatitis A, B, and C. Which
of the following are characteristics of hepatitis C?

Accepted Answer

(A) Hepatitis C and B may result in chronic liver disease. Hepatitis A has a low potential for chronic liver disease. (B) Hepatitis C and B have insidious onsets.
Hepatitis A has an abrupt onset. (C) Incubation periods are as follows: hepatitis C is 2–26 weeks, hepatitis B is 6–20 weeks, and hepatitis A is 2–6 weeks. (D) Only
hepatitis B has an effective vaccine.

Question 4

Which of the following statements relevant to a suicidal client is correct?

Accepted Answer

(A) This is a high-risk factor for potential suicide. (B) A previous suicide attempt is a definite risk factor for subsequent attempts. (C) Every threat of suicide should
be taken seriously.
(D) The client should be asked directly about his or her intent to do bodily harm. The client is never hurt by direct, respectful questions.

Question 5

During burn therapy, morphine is primarily administered IV for pain management because this route:

Accepted Answer

(A) Absorption would be increased, not decreased. (B) IM injections should not be used until the client is hemodynamically stable and has adequate tissue
perfusion. Medications will remain in the subcutaneous tissue with the fluid that is present in the interstitial spaces in the acute phase of the thermal injury. The
client will have a poor response to the medication administered, and a ??dumping?? of the medication can occur when the medication and fluid are shifted back
into the intravascular spaces in the next phase of healing. (C) IV administration of the medication would hasten respiratory compromise, if present. (D) The desire
to avoid causing the client additional pain is not a primary reason
for this route of administration.

Question 6

The therapeutic blood-level range for lithium is:

Accepted Answer

(A) This range is too low to be therapeutic. (B) This is the therapeutic range for lithium. (C)
This range is above the therapeutic level. (D) This range is toxic and may cause severe side effects.

Question 7

The following medications were noted on review of the client??s home medication profile. Which of the medications would most likely potentiate or elevate serum
digoxin levels?

Accepted Answer

(A) Hypokalemia can cause digoxin toxicity. Administration of KCl would prevent this. (B) Thyroid agents decrease digoxin levels. (C) Quinidine increases digoxin
levels dramatically. (D) Theophylline is not noted to have an effect on digoxin levels.

Question 8

Discharge teaching was effective if the parents of a child with atopic dermatitis could state the importance of:

Accepted Answer

(A) Maintaining a low-humidified environment. (B) Avoiding furry, soft stuffed animals for play, which may increase symptoms of allergy. (C) Avoiding showering,
which irritates the dermatitis, and encouraging bathing 4 times a day in colloid bath for temporary relief. (D) Wrapping hands in soft cotton gloves to prevent skin
damage during scratching.

Question 9

Which classification of drugs is contraindicated for the client with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Accepted Answer

(A) Positive inotropic agents should not be administered owing to their action of increasing myocardial contractility. Increased ventricular contractility would
increase outflow tract obstruction in the client with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (B) Vasodilators are not typically prescribed but are not contraindicated. (C)
Diuretics are used with caution to avoid causing hypovolemia. (D) Antidysrhythmics are typically needed to treat both atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias.

Question 10

Hypoxia is the primary problem related to near-drowning victims. The first organ that sustains irreversible damage after submersion in water is the:

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Accepted Answer

(A) The kidney can survive after 30 minutes of water submersion. (B) The cerebral neurons sustain irreversible damage after 4–6 minutes of water submersion. (C)
The heart can survive up to 30 minutes of water submersion. (D) The lungs can survive up to 30 minutes of water submersion.